Cisco 1: Networking Fundamentals * Pima Community College * CIS170 -- 5.9 Module 9 -- TCP/IP Protocol Suite and IP Addressing

5.9 Module 9 -- TCP/IP Protocol Suite and IP Addressing

5.9 Module 9 -- TCP/IP Protocol Suite and IP Addressing

Internet as related to the World Wide Web (Wikipedia: Internet )
History See: Nerds 2.0.1: A Brief History of the Internet Volume 1 Networking the Nerds[8]
IMP Internet Message Processor, First August 30, 1969 (Wikipedia: Interface_Message_Processor )
IETF, Internet Engineering Task Force http://www.ietf.org/home.html
RFC, Request for Comment http://www.ietf.org/rfc.html
RFC0001 Host Software, April 1969.
RFC0826 Address Resolution Protocol, November 1982
RFC1149 Standard for the transmission of IP datagrams on avian carriers, April 1 1990
RFC1738 Uniform Resource Locators (URL), December 1994
RFC2549 IP over Avian Carriers with Quality of Service, April 1, 1999
RFC4798 Connecting IPv6 Islands over IPv4 MPLS Using IPv6 Provider Edge Routers. February 2007.
Four layers of the TCP/IP model -- Textbook
- Application (Wikipedia: Application_layer )
- Transport (Wikipedia: Transport_layer )
- Internet
- Network Access
Five layers of the TCP/IP model -- Wikipedia
- Application (Wikipedia: Application_layer )
- Transport (Wikipedia: Transport_layer )
- Network (Wikipedia: Network_layer )
- Data link (Wikipedia: Data_link_layer )
- Physical layer (Wikipedia: Physical_layer )
Presentation is in the Application layer. Endianness (Wikipedia: Endianness)
- htons() Host to Net, Short
- htonl() Host to Net, Long
- ntohs() Net to Host, Short
- ntohl() Net to Host, Long
IP Protocols
- UDP User Datagram Protocol (Wikipedia: User_Datagram_Protocol )
- TCP Transmission Control Protocol (Wikipedia: Transmission_Control_Protocol )
- IMCP Internet Control Message Protocol (Wikipedia: Internet_Control_Message_Protocol )
IP addresses: IPv4 (Wikipedia: Ipv4)
- 32 bit address. 4 decimal octets, 4,294,967,296 values
- Classful Networks (Wikipedia: Classful_network)
  - Class A Leading bit: 0, Start: 0.0.0.0 End: 126.255.255.255
  - Class B Leading bits: 10, Start: 128.0.0.0 End: 191.255.255.255
  - Class C Leading bits: 110 Start: 192.0.0.0 End: 223.255.255.255
  - Class D (multicast) Leading bits: 1110 Start: 224.0.0.0 End: 239.255.255.255
  - Class E (reserved) Leading bits: 1111 Start: 240.0.0.0 End: 255.255.255.255
- Reserved IP addresses
  - 66 blocks of IANA reserved addresses http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv4-address-space
  - Loopback 127.0.0.1
  - 192.0.2.0/24 Documentation and example code
  - ??? 66 blocks
- Private Networks
  - One (1) Class A 10.0.0.0
  - Sixteen (16) Class B 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
  - Two hundred fifty six (256) Class C 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
- NAT Network Address Translation: public & private addressing Internal routers and external routers (Wikipedia: Network_address_translation )
IP addresses: IPv6 (Wikipedia: Ipv6)
- 128 bit address. 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 values
- IPv6 addresses are normally written as eight groups of four hexadecimal digits. For example, 2001:0db8:85a3:08d3:1319:8a2e:0370:7334 is a valid IPv6 address. (wikipedia)
- 2.4 address per square micrometer in a area of 2*Pluto's semi-major axis squared.
- 667,000,000,000 per square micrometer of earth's surface
Sub-netting, Broadcast Traffic, and Routing
Classless Inter-Domain Routing -- CIDR notation 10.0.0.0/8 (Wikipedia: Classless_Inter-Domain_Routing )
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, ICANN http://www.icann.org/ (Wikipedia: Internet_Corporation_for_Assigned_Names_and_Numbers )
dynamic and static addresses. Why. Servers, DNS, most clients, address logs
RARP "It has been rendered obsolete by BOOTP..." (wikipedia) (Wikipedia: Reverse_Address_Resolution_Protocol )
bootp -- Bootstrap Protocol (Wikipedia: Bootstrap_Protocol )
dhcp -- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (Wikipedia: Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol )
Using ping & arp to get MAC addresses.

Instructor: Louis Taber, louis.taber.at.pima at gmail dot com (520) 206-6850
My web site in Cleveland, OH
The Pima Community College web site

5.9 Module 9 -- TCP/IP Protocol Suite and IP Addressing