5.2 Module 2 -- Networking Fundamentals

5.2 Module 2 -- Networking Fundamentals

• LANs, CANs, MANs, WANs. (Local, Campus, Metropolitan, Wide)
• Networking hardware: NICs, Hubs, Switches, Routers
• Protocols
• TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)
• OSI vs. TCP/IP Diagram with various Internet protocols
• Internet protocols: HTTP, telnet, ssh, ftp, tftp, html, ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol), ... -- RFCs (Request for Comment)
• VPN - Virtual Private Networks
• Intranets, Extranets.
• Data rate bits/second or bytes/second
• Bandwidth -- network and analog. Hz, S/N ratio & 3db points, A Mathematical Theory of Communication by Claude E. Shannon.
• Bandwidth vs. Distance. Bits vs. Bytes. Computing download times.
• Throughput. Data transfer rates. Error correction. Re-transmission. Lost packets.
• Network topologies. Star, ring, mesh, ...
• Encapsulation
• OSI Model (Wikipedia: OSI_model)

  Layer		Network
  Layer 7: Application
  Layer 6: Presentation
  Layer 5: Session
  	Data
  Layer 4: Transport
  	Segments
  Layer 3: Network
  	Packets
  Layer 2: Data Link
  	Frames
  Layer 1: Physical
  	Bits

• TCP/IP model

  Layer		Network
  Application
  	Data
  Transport
  	Segments
  Internet
  	Packets
  Network Access
  	Bits

• OSI vs TCP/IP Model

  OSI	TCP/IP
  Layer 7: Application
  Layer 6: Presentation	Application
  Layer 5: Session
  Layer 4: Transport	Transport
  Layer 3: Network	Internet
  Layer 2: Data Link	Network Access
  Layer 1: Physical

5.2 Module 2 -- Networking Fundamentals